On the Indents and Spacing tab, under Spacing, change the After setting. On the Home tab, in the Paragraph group, click the little arrow in the lower right corner to launch the Paragraph dialog box. Here is how to fix it: Place the cursor in the heading. See below, Figure 2: MLA Paragraph Formatting, for an example to follow. If a table is not the culprit, then the white space may be set in the Paragraph settings. This is a common problem, and there are probably some fairly sophisticated treatments already prepared on CTAN. Change the settings under Spacing so that Before and After both say 0 pt.You may also want to consider messing with \baselineskip which controls the allowed spacing between lines of text and can also have rubber values.The widow and club penalties probably apply section headings, and may be affecting TeX's layout choices (see for a discussion).
Watch out though, you can cause other layout artifacts if you constrain TeX too much. Reducing (or eliminating) the "plus" part of the rubber might help. The "plus" and "minus" parts tell TeX how much it can adjust the value to improve the layout (that is they make the spacing elastic, thus the "rubber" designation). The defualt value of \parskip is class dependent. When Word seems to change formatting automatically, AutoCorrect options are typically causing the change (such as correcting spelling errors, adding lines, changing straight quotes to smart quotes, formatting ordinals with superscript, changing internet paths to hyperlinks and applying automatic bullets and numbering).
You set it (with "rubber" values) using something like: \setlength The parameter that controls inter-paragraph spacing is called \parskip(See Paragraph Spacing ).
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